Science shorts: Whey protein, ashwagandha, PEA in the spotlight

Scientist pipetting medical samples into petri dish in laboratory.
Scientist pipetting medical samples into petri dish in laboratory. (Getty Images/Connect Images)

In this round-up, we bring you the latest research findings on health and nutrition, including new findings on whey protein, ashwagandha, and palmitoylethanolamide (PEA).

Whey protein intake with exercise improves MPS in time- and dose-dependent manner

Whey protein
The ingestion of whey protein in conjunction with physical exercise results in a substantial increase in muscle protein synthesis between three and five hours post-exercise. (Gingagi/Getty Images)

The combination of whey protein supplementation and physical exercise could improve muscle protein synthesis (MPS) in a time- and dose-dependent manner, according to a new review in China.

The findings, published in Nutrients, showed that the combination of whey protein supplementation and exercise resulted in a significant rise in myofibrillar fractional synthetic rate (FSR).

The increment ranged from 1.3 to 1.6 folds when consumed immediately after exercise, and up to 2.5 folds when taken 45 minutes prior to multiple-set resistance exercise.

Withanolide glycosides: Ashwagandha study suggests supplement quality criterion

A person cutting or chopping ashwagandha roots on the ground. Withania somnifera, Indian ginseng, poison gooseberry, or winter cherry. Process of making ashwagandha powder, dry in sunlight at home
The new study evaluated the bioavailability of four commercially available, standardized ashwagandha extracts with varying compositions, in 16 healthy human volunteers. (Azay photography/Getty Images)

A clinical study has identified withanolide glycosides as the key drivers of superior bioavailability in ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) extracts.

This marked the first direct evidence in humans that the type of withanolide—not just the total content—significantly influences absorption and efficacy.

Published in Current Therapeutic Research, the randomized, open-label, crossover clinical study evaluated the oral bioavailability of Shoden ashwagandha extract, developed by Arjuna Natural Pvt., Ltd., India, in 16 healthy adults.

Gencor’s PEA may modulate microbiome activity and metabolic pathways: RCT

Yolk texture,Egg yolks close-up. Background from egg yolks.
Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) was first discovered in 1957 as a component in egg yolk, when egg yolk was being researched for its anti-inflammatory properties (banjongseal324/Getty Images/iStockphoto)

Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) supplementation could regulate specific microbiome activity, support a balanced inflammatory response and aid in maintaining healthy triglyceride levels, according to a new study on Gencor’s Levagen+ ingredient.

Twelve weeks of supplementation with PEA was associated with improved concentrations of IL-2, indicating reduced intestinal inflammation compared to the placebo.

Triglyceride levels also decreased, according to the findings published in Biomedicines.

Curcumin improves weight, waistline, BMI depending on dose, intake period

Turmeric powder and fresh turmeric (Curcuma, curcumin), Organic ingredient in Asian cuisine, food coloring or natural dyeing
Curcumin, a polyphenol compound naturally present within turmeric, could help to reduce muscle damage and inflammation, in the musculoskeletal system, following vigorous physical exercise. (Getty Images)

Curcumin supplementation has shown to improve weight, body mass index (BMI), and waist circumference in diabetic individuals, depending on the dose and intake duration, say findings from a new meta-analysis.

The analysis published in Nutrition & Diabetes reported no significant decrease in BMI post turmeric / curcumin supplementation.

However, when the evidence was narrowed down to only high-absorption curcumin taken for at least 12 weeks, a significant reduction in BMI was seen.

Boswellia effective for knee pain, stiffness — meta-analysis

A picture showing Frankincense resin crystals on a wooden spoon. Boswellia is also known as Indian frankincense.
A picture showing Frankincense resin crystals on a wooden spoon. Boswellia is also known as Indian frankincense. (Madeleine_Steinbach/Getty Images)

Boswellia appeared to be more effective than other commonly used nutritional supplements for addressing knee pain and stiffness in people suffering from knee osteoarthritis.

This is according to a new systematic review and meta-analysis published in Nutrients, which looked at the effectiveness of seven commonly used supplements in adults diagnosed with knee osteoarthritis.

Other ingredients that performed well for improving knee function were krill oil, curcumin, and collagen, according to data from 39 clinical trials involving 4,599 patients.